ATTRACTING, EDUCATING AND RETAINING THE NEXT GENERATIONHow one pilot’s journey is inspiring womenand youth to pursue STEM educationALSO IN THIS ISSUE: INFORMING THE NEXT GENERATION OF AVIATION PROFESSIONALS (NGAP)WHERE TODAY’S PILOTS COME FROMA FUTURE WITH ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCESHAPING TOMORROW’S AIR TRANSPORTUNITING AVIATIONNEWS AND FEATURES ON CIVIL AVIATION-RELATED TRAINING DEVELOPMENTS - VOL. 7 - NO. 3TRAININGYour worldwide training partner of choiceWhere are your next pilots coming from?Right here. Every year, we train over 120,000 pilots in our 50 training centers worldwide. Add the 1,000 experienced pilots accessed through our crew resourcing centers, plus the 1,000 new pilots graduating from our training academies yearly, and answering the question has never been so easy.Follow us @CAE_IncICAO TRAINING REPORTVOLUME 7, NUMBER 3, 2017EditorialGlobal Aviation Training OfficeEditor-in-Chief: Hervé TouronTel: +1 (514) 954-8219 ext. 6314E-mail: htouron@icao.intContent DevelopmentSenior Editor: Allisun DalzellTel: +1 (514) 954-8219 ext. 8108E-mail: adalzell@icao.intProduction and DesignGraphic Designer: June KimTel: +1 (514) 954-8219 ext. 7168E-mail: jukim@icao.intAdvertisingHarvey Wong, Advertising RepresentativeTel: +1 (514) 954-8219, ext. 6181Fax: +1 (514) 954 6769E-mail: hwong@icao.intAlexandra Paré, Project ManagerTel: +1 (514) 954-8219, ext. 5510E-mail: apare@icao.intSubmissionsThe ICAO Training Report encourages submissions frominterested individuals, organizations and States wishingto share updates, perspectives or analysis related toglobal civil aviation. For further information on submission deadlines and planned issue topics for future editions of the ICAO Training Report, please contact Allisun Dalzell at unitingaviation@icao.intOpinions expressed in signed articles or in advertisements appearing in the ICAO Training Report represent the author’s or advertiser’s opinion and do not necessarily reflect the views of ICAO. The mention of specificcompanies or products in articles or advertisements does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by ICAO in preference to others of a similar nature which are not mentioned or advertised.Published in Montréal, Canada byInternational Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)999 Robert-Bourassa BoulevardMontréal, QuébecCanada H3C 5H7Copyright © 2017International Civil Aviation OrganizationPrinted by ICAO261410ContentsA Message from Members of ICAO’s NGAP TeamDreams Soar When Girls Pursue STEM EducationIn May 2017 Captain Shaesta Waiz became the youngest woman to fly solo around the world in a single engine aircraft, inspiring women and minorities to pursue careers in science, technology, engineering and math Artificial Intelligence and the Future of WorkWith automation replacing and supplementing human labour, Kristina Schneider points to how the field of education will need to adapt to the evolving technologies Attracting and Informing the Next Generation of Aviation Professionals with the Fundamentals of Air TransportDr. Suzanne Kearns highlights the importance of introducing aviation education to the younger generation so they can make informed choices as they embark on their education and career paths3422263019Update from the NGAP Implementation Working Group Augmenting the Next Generation of Aviation Professionals Training with HologramsLori Brown looks at how mixed reality technology can provide a mobile, cost-effective solution for accelerating learningWhere Do Today’s Air Pilots Come From?Air passenger traffic is expected to double over the next twenty years – CAE reflects on the numbers as they work to address global pilot needsSpotlight on a TRAINAIR PLUS Member: Tomorrow’s Air TransportENAC shares how they have shaped their activities to address the future manpower needs of aviationICAO Partner Brief: ACIKevin Caron describes the three approaches ACI is taking to support their members as they build airport capacities32ICAO’s Regional Aviation Training & TRAINAIR PLUS SymposiumHighlights from the Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan, October 2017 eventA MESSAGE FROM MEMBERS OF ICAO’S NGAP TEAMSTEPHEN P. CREAMERDirector Air Navigation BureauDAWN FLANAGAN Implementation Support Officer, Air Navigation Bureau MICHIEL VREEDENBURGHChief, ImplementationAir Navigation BureauCATALIN RADU Deputy Director, Aviation Safety, Air Navigation Bureau ICAO TRAINING REPORT – NUMBER 3 20172MESSAGE FROM MEMBERS OF ICAO’S NGAP TEAMsustainable growth of our industry. These engagements are beginning to create a shared understanding of the situation across international and regional organizations, industry, and the education sector. Everyone must work together to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the air transportation system. In doing so, we are also effectively demonstrating an awareness of how critical the involvement of the younger generation is to the future of an industry that contributes to the achievement of ICAO’s aspirational goals. Consequently, a number of key stakeholders are uniting in a variety of strategies targeted at directly engaging young people in order to guarantee the future of a sector which transported 3.8 billion passengers in 2016 alone. Tell us about some of the major achievements of the NGAP Programme.MICHIEL – Recognizing the importance of engaging the next generation in order to ensure a sustainable aviation system, the NGAP initiative was elevated to an ICAO Programme in 2015. ICAO leadership of this important programme was recognized by ICAO Member States with the adoption of an Assembly Resolution in 2016, A39-29: Next Generation of Aviation of Professionals, and with the incorporation of NGAP in the ICAO Global Aviation Safety and Global Air Navigation Plans, as well as the ICAO Business Plan. Where do we stand today in regards to attracting, educating and retaining young aviation professionals?STEPHEN – I have no doubt that in the next 20 years, the technology, skills, and approaches that we see in the aviation sector will be significantly different than they are today. The workforce driving the sector will equally evolve within this period, and so should the strategies to attract, educate, and retain them. Since 2009, ICAO, under its Next Generation of Aviation Professionals (NGAP) initiative, has been working with Member States, international and regional organizations, academia and industry to address the forecasted shortage of aviation professionals and ensure there is a sufficient skilled workforce to handle future sectoral demand. As part of this, ICAO is also ramping up its outreach to schools, and universities – all of which remain key audiences for generating and sustaining interest in the sector. How are you preparing the industry for the challenges of attracting young aviation professionals? STEPHEN – Through the NGAP initiative and several other collaborative engagements, we are improving and widening recognition for the young generation’s critical role in the As this magazine went to print, final preparations were underway for ICAO’s 2017 Next Generation of Aviation Professionals (NGAP) Global Summit which is being held at ICAO Headquarters. It is an exciting time for aviation. This industry supports 63.5 million jobs around the world today, contributing more than 2.7 trillion dollars annually to the global GDP, carrying more than half of the 1.4 billion tourists who cross international borders every year. As these numbers double over the next 15 years, we will be competing with other industry sectors for up-and-coming talent. We need to ensure future air transport growth is managed and optimized by the best and brightest aviation professionals. The technologies, skills and approaches used to develop them will evolve significantly different from what they are today - what will the next generation need to be successful? How can we support States as they embark on their own NGAP strategies and implementation actions? We need to work together to ensure there will be enough dedicated, qualified professionals to manage the anticipated growth of the global air transport network. Ensuring aviation operations are safe, secure and ICAO-compliant plays a key role in economic development and the ability of all States to attain the United Nations’ Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. ICAO launched the Next Generations of Aviation Professionals (NGAP) initiative to support work related to human resources planning data; to identify and support initiatives that reach out to the next generation; and to find ways to harmonize training regulations. Recently we sat down with members of the NGAP team to get updates on their progress in these areas. ICAO TRAINING REPORT – NUMBER 3 20173MESSAGE FROM MEMBERS OF ICAO’S NGAP TEAMICAO is expanding the NGAP Programme to cross all the Strategic Objectives of ICAO, and the Regional Offices are becoming actively involved in promotion and outreach.To-date NGAP has held two Global Symposia (March 2010 and December 2014); eight NGAP Regional Symposia (2011 to 2013), developed a 20-year forecast to assist States in quantifying human resources requirements (Doc 9956) and an Internship Toolkit; developed a Fundamentals of the Air Transport System course and an Aviation Training and Education Directory; collaborated with the International Pilot Training Association (IPTA) to create outreach videos, gather data on pathways, barriers, and best outreach practices for pilot careers; and issued regular NGAP Outreach publications to support and promote NGAP. Similarly, there have been excellent national and regional examples of NGAP at work, such as in Sri Lanka, Singapore and with the Young African Aviation Professionals Association, in Cameroon. ICAO is actively promoting outreach activities to engage the next generation. ICAO provided support to Shaesta Waiz, Afghanistan’s first female civilian pilot, as she undertook a solo round-the-world flight to raise awareness for greater global access to Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) education for women and youth. We continue to provide support and promote global outreach programmes, promote STEM education, and raise awareness of NGAP issues at international and regional events.ICAO is also reaching out to other UN agencies to coordinate and collaborate on gender issues and the promotion of STEM education to youth, and in particular, young girls. By working with our UN counterparts, we can capitalize on the strengths of each other’s initiatives to jointly promote our common goals: empowering girls and women and ensuring adequate education for all youth. For us, these goals are paramount to creating the necessary foundation for our future workforce.What are the interventions that can be taken by stakeholders, including ICAO, to inspire, engage and empower girls and women in pursuing their dreams (careers?) in aviation?DAWN – ICAO’s commitment to gender equality is emphasized by the adoption of Assembly Resolution A39-30: ICAO Gender Equality Programme promoting the participation of women in the global aviation sector, which is also in support of the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Sustained and concerted action is required at all levels of industry to improve capacity for data collection on genders in aviation, the findings of which must be turned into short, accessible briefings targeting different audiences, including policy-makers, industry, and academia. The problem of a shortage of competent personnel must be addressed in the context of women and girls’ empowerment. Aviation, in return, stands to benefit from their contributions to the sector, since they offer a diversity of viewpoints, capabilities and perspectives that have often been lacking.ICAO, together with the International Aviation Women’s Association (IAWA), launched an Aviation Scholarship for professional women in the sector, with the objective of enhancing the development of women in aviation. Though a great initiative, the effort to further progress gender equality and female representation should aim to encourage young female professionals to apply for internships, technical and managerial positions within ICAO, and at as many other related organizations as possible. Again, interest in the sector can be generated through mentoring opportunities that are dedicated to girls in elementary and high schools. As the UN Secretary-General stated on International Women’s Day earlier this year: “Now we must move from ambition to action.” What do you envision for the way forward, and how do you think NGAP as a programme within ICAO could be improved to better reflect the needs and concerns of States and the aviation industry in general?CATALIN – We must encourage the international civil aviation community to continuously support the ICAO NGAP Programme as a forum that facilitates the exchange of best practices and information about initiatives that are being implemented by industry, governments and academia. Coordination and collaboration at a global level is necessary to promote this work. This includes continued support by our voluntary workforce, as well as with funding from stakeholders to support various initiatives.As a key driver of this process, ICAO is determined to continue its work with stakeholders to intensify awareness of the impending shortages of personnel, and to promote cooperation and coordination within the global aviation community to attract, educate and retain the next generation of aviation professionals. ICAO, in cooperation with partners and stakeholders, will develop guidance and tools that can help States devise a holistic approach towards addressing the problem of the shortage of competent personnel. This guidance, coupled with an updated Forecast on Aviation Professionals which will be published in 2018, will assist States to develop their national NGAP Strategy and Action Plan. It is also critical to reach out to academia and youth to promote aviation as a profession and to make education more accessible to students. The continued promotion of STEM education is critical to ensuring the necessary foundation for students to be successful in aviation. Aviation’s strength and success as an industry is rooted in its skilled workforce. If we are to protect what we have achieved, we need to work together and continue to build momentum into the future. ICAO TRAINING REPORT – NUMBER 3 20174MESSAGE FROM MEMBERS OF ICAO’S NGAP TEAMWhen the Wright Flyer first took off from Kitty Hawk, North Carolina on 17 December 1903, the world cheered with amazement as they witnessed the first powered aircraft soar through the sky. Among the crowds of people who watched the Wright Brothers success, was a generation of women who silently longed to experience flight. Women in aviation date back to 1910, when Blanche Scott was allowed to taxi an aircraft when it mysteriously lifted 40 feet off the ground. Once airborne, Scott gently landed the aircraft safely, making her the first woman to pilot an aircraft solo. Also in 1910, Raymonde de Laroche became the first woman to earn a pilot’s license in France, making her the first certified female pilot in the world (Early Aviator, 2003). As women bravely took on the skies during the dawn of aviation, their role changed significantly during World War II, especially in the United States. During the war, women were flying almost every type of military aircraft, ferrying them across the Atlantic Ocean to deliver them in Europe (NPR, 2010). Today, women make up 7% of the total pilot population, with only 5% of female airline pilots worldwide (Gender Gap Grader, 2014). These figures of women in the aviation industry have remained stagnant in the past decade with little evidence of a fruitful future. Why is there such a shortage of women pilots, engineers, and technicians in the world? This is a question Shaesta Waiz, Founder and President of Dreams Soar, Inc., tackled through her non-profit organization when she made it her mission to change these numbers, globally. DREAMS SOAR WHEN GIRLS PURSUE STEM EDUCATIONDreams Soar’s mission is to partner with strong female role models to share and promote the importance of STEM education so that they can dream big and achieve more. The success of Dreams Soar is attributed to their “dream team”, a group of passionate, hard-working student leaders, professionals and partners, who have made an enormous commitment to inspiring the next generation. ICAO TRAINING REPORT – NUMBER 3 20176PERCENTAGE OF FEMALE PILOTS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES:FINLAND12%SWEDEN8.20%FRANCE7.60%JAPAN5.60%MEXICO2.30%BRAZIL2.20%SOURCE: Gender Gap Grader, 2014PERCENTAGE OF FEMALE STUDENT PILOTS IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES:JAPAN12.90%INDIA12.50%UNITED STATES12%NIGERIA8.80%FRANCE7%BRAZIL6.20%AUSTRALIA 4.10%MEXICO2.90%EGYPT1%SOURCE: Gender Gap Grader, 2014Working alongside key organizations like ICAO, I feel confident we will make an even greater impact on the next generation,” Waiz shared when the global journey officially came to a conclusion on 4 October 2017. “The biggest lesson I learned is that women need more role models in STEM and aviation to prove that we can be successful in these exciting fields.” When she completed that last flight, Waiz became the youngest woman in history to fly solo around the world in a single-engine aircraft.With the goal of increasing the number of STEM and aviation professionals, ICAO partnered with Waiz and Dreams Soar in their movement to raise awareness on sustainable development, empowering women and promoting global access to STEM and aviation education for youth. Each stop was unique, focussing on the local environment, opportunities and challenges of STEM/aviation education in that location. ICAO’s support of Dream Soar, along with the support of ground teams and partner organizations, brought together dynamic female STEM and aviation leaders through panel discussions, presentations, school visits and other venues.No stranger to life’s obstacles, Waiz was born in a refugee camp in Afghanistan. Her family fled to America when she was an infant In May 2017, Waiz departed from Daytona Beach, Florida in a single-engine Beechcraft Bonanza aircraft, flying solo around the world to inspire the next generation of Science, Technology, Engineering and Math (STEM) and aviation professionals. The Dreams Soar global flight included 30 stops in 20 countries across five continents. The flight route covered approximately 25,000 nautical miles in a single engine aircraft, with the objective to empower the next generation to overcome the barriers inhibiting women and minorities from flying and pursuing careers in STEM. As Waiz piloted the aircraft solo, the Dreams Soar team was on the ground working around the clock handling matters related to the international outreach events, fundraising, logistics, social media, risk management, and aircraft maintenance/insurance around the world. With this collective teamwork and a strong partnership with the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), and other dedicated partners, Dreams Soar was able to host 32 outreach events along the route, globally inspiring 3,000 children directly, encouraging them to pursue careers in STEM and aviation.“Inspiring 3,000 children worldwide was a great accomplishment for Dreams Soar, however we still have a long way to go with our efforts. MADRID, SPAIN A group of elementary students take a selfie during the Madrid outreach event. ICAO TRAINING REPORT – NUMBER 3 20177DREAMS SOARNext >